Gelsolin also named as actin-depolymerizing factor, ADF, AGEL or Brevin, is an 83 kDa protein that shares structural and functional homology to villin and adseverin/scinderin. Gelsolin plays an important role in actin filament assembly by capping and severing actin proteins in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Gelsolin is important for cellular events (e.g., membrane ruffling, chemotaxis, ciliogenesis) that require cytoskeletal remodeling. Accordingly, cells from gelsolin knockout mice exhibit motility defects, including a failure to ruffle in response to growth factor stimulation. In humans, defects in gelsolin have been linked to amyloidosis type 5 (AMYL5), a hereditary disease characterized by cranial neuropathy, which appears to result from gelsolin amyloid deposition.
