Superoxide anion free radicals are produced through the reaction system of xanthine and xanthine oxidase. WST-1 (a water-soluble tetrazolium salt) can react with the generated superoxide anion to produce water-soluble formazan. When the tested sample contains the superoxide anion free radical inhibitor, it can inhibit the formation of formazan. When the tested sample contains the substance that produces superoxide anion free radical, it can promote the formation of formazan dye. By colorimetric analysis of WST-1 products, the units of activity of inhibition or production of superoxide anion radical in samples can be calculated.
Intracellular acidification rate refers to the degree of change in the pH of the intracellular environment, which is an important parameter for the study of cell function. Constant intracellular pH level is an indispensable condition for maintaining normal cell metabolism and function. Most physiological and biochemical reactions in the cell, such as cell growth, calcium regulation, enzyme activity, receptor mediated signal transduction, ionic action, endocytosis, and cell adhesion, etc. Therefore, there is a close relationship between intracellular pH regulation and metabolism, and accurate detection of intracellular pH fluctuations is an important way to understand intracellular metabolism. At the same time, studying the interaction between intracellular pH regulation and metabolism will help to better understand the biochemical processes in cells and provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of related diseases. The probe used in this test box has the characteristics of dual excitation wavelength. The probe has the maximum absorption at 490 nm and an equal absorption point at 440 nm. By calculating the ratio of the two excitation wavelengths, the fluctuation of intracellular pH can be detected.
Under the action of acidic solution and reductant, ferric ions can be separated from transferrin in serum, and reduced into ferrous ions (Fe2+). The latter then bind to bipyridine and form pink complexes. The concentration of iron can be calculated by measuring the OD value at 520 nm indirectly.
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