CD47 has a role in both cell adhesion by acting as an adhesion receptor for THBS1 on platelets, and in the modulation of integrins. CD47 plays an important role in memory formation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. CD47 is a receptor for SIRPA, binding to which prevents maturation of immature dendritic cells and inhibits cytokine production by mature dendritic cells. CD47 interacts with SIRPG mediates cell-cell adhesion, enhances superantigen-dependent T-cell-mediated proliferation and costimulates T-cell activation. CD47 may play a role in membrane transport and/or integrin dependent signal transduction. CD47 may prevent premature elimination of red blood cells. CD47 may be involved in membrane permeability changes induced following virus infection.
Ligand for CD2. Might facilitate interaction between activated lymphocytes. Probably involved in regulating T-cell activation.
Cluster of Differentiation 48 (CD48), also known as SLAMF2, BCM-1 and BLAST-1, is a GPI-linked protein belonging to the CD2 subfamily of immunoglobulin superfamily molecules. CD2 and 2B4 (CD244) are known ligands for CD48. CD48 protein is expressed on most lineage-committed hematopoietic cells but not on hematopoietic stem cells or multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. CD48 protein performs biological functions in a variety processes including adhesion, pathogen recognition, cellular activation, and cytokine regulation, and emerges as a critical effector molecule in immune responses.
CD4 molecule(CD4) Homo sapiens This gene encodes a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigenes and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. This gene is expressed not only in T lymphocytes, but also in B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. It is also expressed in specific regions of the brain. The protein functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation, and may function as an important mediator of indirect neuronal damage in infectious and immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified in this gene.
Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kinase LCK to the vicinity of the TCR-CD3 complex. LCK then initiates different intracellular signaling pathways by phosphorylating various substrates ultimately leading to lymphokine production, motility, adhesion and activation of T-helper cells. In other cells such as macrophages or NK cells, plays a role in differentiation/activation, cytokine expression and cell migration in a TCR/LCK-independent pathway. Participates in the development of T-helper cells in the thymus and triggers the differentiation of monocytes into functional mature macrophages.
CD4 is an approximately 55 kDa type I membrane glycoprotein that is expressed predominantly on most thymocytes and a subset of mature T lymphocytes. In humans, CD4 is also expressed to a lesser extent on monocytes and macrophage related cells. Human CD4 cDNA encodes a 458 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a 25 aa residue signal peptide, a 371 aa residue extracellular region containing four immunoglobulin homology domains, a 24 aa residue transmembrane domain and a 38 aa residue cytoplasmic domain.
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